天正18年（1590年）、豊臣秀吉の命で関東に移封された徳川家康が江戸城に入った。当時の江戸は葦の茂る寒村に過ぎなかったが、家康は大規模な治水と都市計画を実行。神田山を崩して日比谷入江を埋め立て、江戸の町を一から造り上げた。この決断が250年の太平と世界最大級の都市・江戸を生み出した。

On February 12, 1603, Tokugawa Ieyasu received appointment as Sei-i Taishōgun and established the Edo shogunate. Three years after Sekigahara, this formalized Tokugawa supremacy. Ieyasu quickly passed the title to his son Hidetada (1605), demonstrating hereditary succession. For 260 years through 15 shoguns, the Tokugawa shogunate maintained one of history's longest-lasting stable feudal regimes. Edo grew into one of the world's largest cities, exceeding one million inhabitants by the early 18th century.