Shakyamuni Buddha: Life of Gautama, Enlightenment, and the Meaning of the Parinirvana Image
Shakyamuni Buddha (Shaka Nyorai) is the representation of Gautama Siddhartha, who attained enlightenment in India around the 5th century BCE, venerated as the fundamental deity of Buddhism. This guide explores the symbolism of hand gestures (mudra) such as the dhyana mudra, vitarka mudra, and abhaya mudra, as well as the meaning of the parinirvana image, with reference to representative temples.