From Omi Province, exact birth year unknown. He entered Hideyoshi's service early and quickly rose through his outstanding administrative ability. He assisted Toyotomi Hidenaga in governing Yamato and, after Hidenaga's death in 1591, became lord of a 200,000-koku domain at Yamato-Koriyama, administering all of Yamato Province. Alongside Ishida Mitsunari, Maeda Gen'i, Asano Nagamasa, and Natsuka Masaie, he was appointed one of the Five Commissioners, overseeing the Taiko land surveys and managing logistics for the Korean campaigns. After Hideyoshi's death he gradually aligned with the Mitsunari faction. At the Battle of Sekigahara (1600) he served with the Western army, though some accounts claim he secretly communicated with the East. After the defeat he lost his domain and was confined to Mount Koya. In 1615, following the Summer Siege of Osaka, the Tokugawa shogunate ordered his seppuku, ending his turbulent life.

A bureaucratic warrior excelling in practical administration. His inheritance of Hidenaga's domain shows how highly his governance was valued, though his political instincts fell short of Mitsunari's.

A contributor who supported the Toyotomi regime as one of the Five Commissioners. He governed Yamato-Koriyama after Hidenaga and helped calculate nationwide rice yields through the Taiko surveys.