Son of Toba, enthroned 1155. After abdicating just three years later, he conducted insei rule for 34 years through five emperors, surviving the Hōgen and Heiji Disturbances, the rise and fall of the Taira, the Genpei War, and the founding of the Kamakura shogunate. A devotee of imayō song, he compiled the Ryōjin Hishō.